European Edition (2nd Revised Edition) published January 2005.

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Dedications

To my Father whose teachings helped me greatly in valuing the power of the written word and whose analytical mind was always looking for new ways of helping our Kurdish Nation come out of its isolation and backwardness. To my Mother whose natural intuition was a fair match for his sharp intellect.

And, To my sisters Pakize, Nahide, Nejat and last but not least Dile who spent the best part of their life promoting Kurdish Language and literature To my Late Brother Shewqi and my brother Fewzi

To All the Kurds who aspire to freedom and liberty and to the Victims of Helebja and Anfal

Finally: To Dilsoz, my wife, who suffered my frustrations and witnessed my moods

Fereydun, October, 2003